CHAPTER ONE

1	similar    adj.	same, nearly like
2	temperament  n	nature of a person.
3	lenient       adj.	not severe.
4	merciful      adj.	lenient.
5	solitude   n	being alone.
6	abstain v	not to do something.
7	establish v	set up.
8	complexion    n	colour of the skin on your face
9	slim     adj.	gracefully thin.
10	wise     adj.	having intelligence and common sense
11	solemn adj.	grave.
12	seldom    adv.	rarely.
13	polytheistic  adj.	worshipping more than one God.
14	countrymen   n	persons of one's own country.
15	landlady   n	woman who owns land or houses.
16	lodging     n	rented room.
17	friendship  n	state of being friends.
18	reveal    v	Inspire.
19	validity  n	truth, correctness.
20	idolatry  n	worship of idols.
21	enthusiasm   n	great interest.
22	worshipping  n	praising and honouring.
23	suspicion     n	lack of trust.
24	drapery  n	trade of selling cloth.
25	successful   adj.	having gained a position.
26	trade    n	buying and selling.
27	customer    n	buyer.
28	preach  v	explain a religion and advise others to adopt it.
29	ardently    adv.	with warm emotion.
30	infidel    n	a person with no belief in a specific religion.
31	torturing    n	inflicting pain on someone as a punishment.
32	slave  n	person who belongs to and  works for someone.
33	intervene  v	come in between.
34	release  v	set  free.
35	brutally   adv.	cruelly.
36	whip    v	hit with a piece of leather.
37	tribe  n	group of people ruled by a chief.
38	refuge  n	place to hide.
39	shelter   n	refuge.
40	inhabit    v	to live in.
41	warring  adj.	fighting.
42	journey     n	trip.
43	experienced   adj.	skilled.
44	merchant     n	trader.
45	round trip   n	trip to a destination and back.
46	scoff at  v	make fun of in a nasty way.
47	sanity      n	being reasonable, mental health.
48	heavenly adj.	from heaven.
49	revelation   n	knowledge given to the mind and soul by God.
50	ruthless   adj.	cruel, without pity.
51	emigrate   v	leave a country.
52	support  v	help.
53	anxiously   adv.	with a strong wish to do something.
54	besiege  v	surround by fighting men.
55	swordsman  n	person who fights well with a sword.
56	plot   v	draw up a wicked plan.
57	slip   v	go quietly.
58	depart v	leave.
59	trick   v	deceive.
60	web  n	net spun by spiders.
61	fruitless adj.	producing no result.
62	latter  n	second mentioned of two.
63	canopy n	small roof over a platform.
64	erect v	put up.
65	entrust v	give someone the responsibility for something.
66	mantle   n	cloak.
67	earnest   adj.	serious.
68	courteously adv.	respectfully.
69	disbeliever   n	infidel.
70	archer    n	person who shoots with a bow and arrow.
71	staunch adj.	firm.
72	wage    v	fight (a war.)
73	era    n	long period of history.
74	vizier    n	minister in some Muslim country.
75	attempt    v	try.
76	stronghold   n	place considered as a center for a certain activity  or belief.
77	negotiator  n	person who discusses to try to reach an agreement.
78	conquer   v	win land by force.
79	convince  v	persuade.
80	subdue    v	bring under one's power.
81	delegate  n	person who represents others at a meeting.
82	allegiance   n	faithfulness.
83	vital     adj.	very important.
84	household   n	family or people who live together in the same house.
85	everlasting   adj.	going on for ever.
86	summarize    v	make a brief account of something which is long.
87	recitation   n	something recited from memory.
88	fitter    adj.	more suitable.
89	task        n	work which has to be done.
90	emphatic     adj.	strong.

 

CHAPTER TWO

1	foundation     n	base.
2	far-flung       adj.	spread over a great distance.
3	enlightened  adj.	free from ignorance.
4	striking    adj.	remarkable.
5	sub-tribe     n	under-tribe
6	genealogist     n	one who knows families
7	trustworthy adj.	which can be depended upon.
8	efficiency   n	ability to produce the required result easily.
9	release     v	set free.
10	unwavering   adj.	not hesitating.
11	attractive  adj.	pleasing.
12	sunken   adj.	deep.
13	forehead   n	part of the head between the eyes and the hair.
14	endowed with        adj.	having some good quality.
15	wide     adj.	large.
16	acquaintances    n	persons whom one knows.
17	tender-hearted      adj.	kind.
18	compassionate    adj.	merciful.
19	sympathize   v	show a feeling of pity or sorrow.
20	pity    v	feel sympathy for someone.
21	weep        v	cry.
22	captive    n	prisoner of war.
23	ransom     n	payment asked before a hostage is set free.
24	kind-hearted   adj.	tender-hearted.
25	win over    v	persuade by argument.
26	feud   n	continuous enmity.
27	rabbi  n	Jewish religious teacher.
28	undoubtedly  adv.	with no doubt. with certitude.
29	Old Testament   n	first section of the Bible.
30	slap  v	hit with the hand flat.
31	shouting  adj.	speaking aloud
32	contract   n	legal agreement.
33	cut off     v	separate.
34	agreement  n	written statement between two parties ac accepting certain conditions.
35	peaceful co-existence n	living side by side without making war.
36	characteristic   n	special typical feature.
37	embrace  v	adopt.
38	meticulously   adv.	carefully paying attention to details.
39	launch  v	give a Start to.
40	for its sake  n	for its advantage.
41	fiercest  adj.	most ferocious, most violent.
42	waver    v	hesitate.
43	spiritually adv.	dealing with the soul.
44	uplifted   adj.	given a feeling of happiness.
45	eclipsed   adj.	made to appear dull by comparison, outshone.
46	steadfastly  adv.	firmly.
47	illustrate   v	show.
48	wager  n	bet.
49	incessantadj.	continuous.
50	prophesying   v	predicting, telling the coming of a future event by any   procedure.
51	rout   v	defeat
52	ironically  adv.	in a mocking  way.
53	significant  adj.	important, full of meaning.
54	impartiality  n	fairness.
55	redeem   v	buy freedom of.
56	oppression n	ruling unjustly.
57	disobedient  adv.	paying no attention to orders.
58	differentiate  v	make a difference.
59	nationality  n	quality of belonging to a nation.
60	aware   adj.	knowing.
61	internationalism    n	the principle that nations should work together.
62	conversion   n	the turning of a person to another religion.
63	defection    n	going over to the side of the enemy.
64	esteemed  adj.	highly respected.
65	reverence   n	great respect.
66	respect   n	esteem.
67	obstinacy    n	resistance.
68	apostate  n	a man who has denied his religion.
69	burden   n	load.
70	shed    v	lose, throw off.
71	huge   adj.	big in size.
72	vow   v	make a solemn promise.
73	rebel    n	person who fights against the person in charge.
74	tremendous  adj.	enormous, very big.
75	firmness    n	solidity.
76	outstanding  adj.	excellent.
77	thoughtfully  adv.	with a lot of attention.
78	counsellor    n	adviser.
79	clemency    n	mercy.
80	at stake  adj.	in danger, at risk.
81	insurgent    n	rebel.
82	repent   v	be very sorry for something.
83	implicitly   adv.	without questioning.
84	deliberation   n	debate, discussion.
85	harsh   adj.	sharp, hard, cruel.
86	angrily ad   v	in an annoyed way.
87	right path       n	just way.
88	congregation     n	gathering of people.
89	praising     adj. v	expressing strong approval.
90	stress      v	emphasize.
91	whole-heartedly adv.	completely.

 

CHAPTER THREE

1	bewildered adj.	puzzled.
2	crisis      n	critical moment.
3	stretcher   n	portable bed with handles at each end for carrying sick people
4	funeral    n	ceremony when a dead person is buried.
5	elaborate    adj.	very detailed.
6	unanimously adv.	all agreeing.
7	flock     v	move in a group.
8	oath    n	promise to be faithful.
9	separatism   n	political ideal of separating from a large country.
10	contribution   n	money etc... given to help something.
11	genuinely   adv.	truly.
12	cancel   v	stop something which has been planned.
13	retaliate    v	attack back.
14	mount      v	climb on.
15	endeavour    n	attempt.
16	stealthily   adv.	secretly.
17	harm    n	damage.
18	booty   n	treasure captured in war.
19	prelude n	something which introduces something more important.
20	urging    n	pushing to do something. encouraging.
21	northwards  adj.	towards the North.
22	neighbourhood  n	area around a point or place.
23	nuisance  n	something annoying.
24	abolition   n	act of cancelling.
25	gather  v	come together.
26	pursue  v	chase.
27	ensue    v	follow.
28	inflate    v	blow up.
29	rearrange  v	set out in order again.
30	confiscate  v	take away someone's possessions as a punishment.
31	headquarters n	main offices.
32	subjugate   v	subdue, conquer.
33	warning   n	notice of danger.
34	get rid of    v	make oneself free from.
35	prominent   adj.	famous.
36	dissident    n	one who does not agree with the state.
37	magnanimous adj.	very generous.
38	reinforcement     n	new soldiers! to support others already fighting.
39	uttering      adj.	speaking.
40	battlefield    n	site of a battle.
41	flee        v	run away.
42	avenging   adv.	paying someone back for a crime.
43	betray       v	be disloyal.
44	scatter	cause a group to run in all directions.
45	remnant    n	small part that remains.
46	hasten    v	move or act with speed.
47	powerful   adj.	having great power.
48	taunt   v	jeer at someone sarcastically.
49	perplexed  adj.	puzzled.
50	inquiry       n	formal investigation.
51	scandalous  adj.	disgraceful, shocking.
52	withdraw  v	pull back.
53	petition    v	make an official request.
54	summon    v	call.
55	rusty    adj.	(of metals) covered with a reddish coating caused by water or rain.
56	threateningly adv.	with a warning.
57	disgraceful adj.	which you should be ashamed of.
58	gloat   v	take pleasure at someone's misfortune.
59	skill    n	ability to do something expertly.
60	dispatch      v	send.
61	pug-nosed  adj.	with a short, snub nose.
62	claim        v	assert, state.
63	rudiment    n	simple elementary fact.
64	opportunist    n	person who takes advantage of circu- mstances.
65	luxuries     n	things that are pleasing to have, but not necessary.
66	dwell on v	think a lot about.
67	nonsensical  adj.	absurd.
68	flare        v	to suddenly break out.
69	eloquent    adj.	able to make good and persuasive speeches.
70	assault  n	attack.
71	fetter         n	chain.
72	spare           v	keep from harming.
73	rivalry       n	competition.
74	massacre   n	killing of a lot of people.
75	fortified     adj.	made strong.
76	valiant     adj.	brave.
77	fling open   v	open suddenly or violently.
78	brandish    v	wave about.
79	thrust        v	push energetically.
80	cavalry       n	soldiers who fight on horseback.
81	treaty     n	agreement between peoples.
82	cunning   adj.	clever.
83	mediator    n	person who tries to make two opponents agree.
84	settlement    n	agreement over a dispute.
85	spoils        n	booty.
86	keen       adj.	eager.
87	orchard      n	piece of land with fruit trees.
88	fulfill    v	complete.
89	scared    adj.	frightened.
90	desperate  adj.	hopeless.
91	shallow    adj.	not deep.
92	annihilated    adj.	completely destroyed.
93	campaign       n	organized military movement.
94	nicknamed     adj.	given a name used instead of the real name.
95	disturbance   n	trouble.
96	expel       v	to force out.
97	feast      n	splendid meal.
98	chieftain     n	leader of a tribe.
99	dash      v	rush
100	treachery      n	deceit.

 

CHAPTER  FOUR

1	vanquish   v	defeat.
2	peninsula    n	large piece of land jutting into the sea.
3	buffer   n	state between two areas of fighting.
4	brethren  n	brothers, members of same association.
5	nomad    adj.	travelling about, especially to find grass for the tribe's animals.
6	rural   adj.	not urban.
7	taxation    n	taxes.
8	arbitrary  adj.	taken at random.
9	gigantic   adj.	huge, colossal.
10	remove     v	take away.
11	ascend  v	mount.
12	resource  n	source of supply for what is needed.
13	raid   n	sudden attack.
14	beret   n	round cloth hat with no peak.
15	evaluated  adj.	calculated.
16	regiment   n	group of soldiers commanded by a colonel.
17	murdering   n	killing someone illegally.
18	dismount from  v	get off.
19	foe    n	enemy.
20	forelock n	hair falling over the forehead.
21	gallop     n	fast ride on a horse.
22	plundered  adj.	seized.
23	heap    n	large pile.
24	retreating      adj.	withdrawing from a battle.
25	ill-prepared   adj.	not well prepared.
26	recruited    adj.	collected.
27	weigh up  v	examine all the arguments for and against.
28	strategy     n	planning of war.
29	ambush    n	surprise attack by hidden soldiers.
30	rear    n	back part.
31	stubborn    adj.	obstinate.
32	flow   v	move along smoothly.
33	barren  adj.	unable to have children or produce.
34	divert   v	to change direction.
35	convey    v	transport.
36	fate      n	destiny.
37	storm   v	capture by a strong attack.
38	willingly  adj.	eagerly.
39	dignitary    n	important person.
40	ditch   n	long trench alongside a road, for taking away water.
41	narrowest adj.	the smallest from one side to another.
42	cohort   n	group of soldiers joined together.
43	overpower   v	to overcome.
44	obstinacy  n	firm attention.
45	juncture   n	place where routes join.
46	overjoyed  adj.	very pleased.
47	onslaught  n	fierce attack.
48	deputy   n	person who has the power to act for others.

 

CHAPTER FIVE

1	daring     adj.	courageous, risky.
2	merely indulging    adj.	simply enjoying the pleasure of.
3	raiding   n	attacking.
4	military tactic  n	way of using troops and guns in war.
5	in the vicinity of  prep	near.
6	lagging behind    adj.	walking slowly behind.
7	under the leadership of    n	under the orders of.
8	manoeuvering    n	moving so as to get an advantage over an enemy.
9	befall      v	happen.
10	muster                       v	gather.
11	plateau                      n	flat high area of land.
12	imminent               adj.	about to happen.
13	shrewd                  adj.	wise.
14	evaporation           n	process of turning liquid into vapour.
15	offset                    adj.	counterbalanced.
16	council of war     n	meeting of generals to discuss a coming battle.
17	zealously             adv.	eagerly.
18	reverse                   n	contrary.
19	martyrdom             n	death for one's beliefs.
20	tighten                    v	to make tight.
21	damp                     adj.	wet.
22	drip                           v	make water fall in drops.
23.	conceal                   v	to hide.

 

CHAPTER SIX

1	compiled    adj.	arranged.
2	parchment  n	skins of animals which have been treated for writing on.
3	lengthy    adj.	very long.
4	onerous  adj.	causing much care.
5	custody  n	charge, care.

 

CHAPTER SEVEN

1	faint    v	to lose consciousness.
2	bequeath    v	to leave property. money to someone when you die.
3	coffin   n	long wooden box in which a dead person is buried.
4	extravagance   n	excessive expense and luxury.
5	stunned  adj.	shocked.
6	coward   n	person who is not brave.
7	venerable   adj.	old and respected.