|
| |
|
Upon returning from this long successful travel, the
Messenger of Allâh [pbuh] stayed in Madinah where he received delegates and dispatched
agents and appointed preachers and callers to Islam everywhere. Those whose hearts were
still full of prejudice against Islam and therefore were too proud to embrace
Allâh’s religion, were decisively muffled on their non-acquiescence in the status
quo prevalent then in Arabia.
Here is a mini-image about the believed ones. We
have already stated that the Messenger’s arrival in Madinah was by the last days of
the eighth year of Al-Hijra. No sooner the crescent of Muharram of the ninth year turned
up than the Messenger of Allâh [pbuh] dispatched the believed ones, to the tribes as
shown in the list below:
| 1. ‘Uyaina bin Hisn |
|
to Bani Tamim. |
| 2. Yazeed bin Husain |
|
to Aslam and Ghifar. |
| 3. ‘Abbad bin Bishr
Al-Ashhali |
|
to Sulaim and Muzainah. |
| 4. Rafi‘ bin Mukaith |
|
to Juhainah. |
| 5. ‘Amr bin Al-‘As |
|
to Bani Fazarah. |
| 6. Ad-Dahhak bin Sufyan |
|
to Bani Kilab. |
| 7. Basheer bin Sufyan |
|
to Bani Ka‘b. |
| 8. Ibn Al-Lutabiyah Al-Azdi |
|
to Bani Dhubyan. |
| 9. Al-Muhajir bin Abi Omaiyah |
|
to Sana‘a’ (Al-Aswad
Al-‘Ansi called at him when he was in it). |
| 10. Ziyad bin Labid |
|
to Hadramout. |
| 11. ‘Adi bin Hatim |
|
to Tai’ and Bani Asad. |
| 12. Malik bin Nuwairah |
|
to Bani Hanzalah. |
| 13. Az-Zabraqan bin Badr |
|
to Bani Sa‘d (a portion of
them). |
| 14. Qais bin ‘Asim |
|
to Bani Sa‘d (a portion of them). |
| 15. Al-‘Alâ’ bin
Al-Hadrami |
|
to Al-Bahrain. |
| 16. ‘Ali bin Abi Talib |
|
to Najran (to collect Sadaqa & Jizya). |
Some of these agents were despatched in
Muharram, 7
A.H., others were sent later until the tribes they were heading for had completely
converted into Islam. Such a move clearly demonstrates the great success that the Islamic Da‘wah
(Call) enjoyed after Al-Hudaibiyah Treaty. However, shortly after the conquest of
Makkah,
people began to embrace Islam in large hosts.
|
|
In the same way that the believed ones were
dispatched to the tribes, we understand that dispatching some more platoons to all regions
of Arabia is a necessity for the prevalence and domination of security on all lands of
Arabia.
Here is a list of those platoons:
- ‘Uyaina bin Hisn Al-Fazari’s platoon in Al-Muharram, the
ninth year of Al-Hijra to Bani Tamim. It consisted of fifty horsemen, none of them was an
Emigrant or a Helper.
This expedition was
dispatched due to the fact that Bani Tamim had already urged other tribes not to pay
tribute (Al-Jizya) and eventually stopped them from paying it.
Therefore, ‘Uyaina bin Hisn set out to fight
them. All the way long he marched by night and lurked by day. He went on that way till he
overtook them and attacked them in the desert. They fled back for their lives. Eleven men,
twenty-one women and thirty boys were captured then. He drove them back to Madinah and
were housed in Ramlah bint Al-Harith’s residence. Ten of their leaders, who came to
the Prophet’s door, called out unto him saying: "O Muhammad come out and face
us." When he went out they held him and started talking.
He exchanged talk with them for a while then left
them and went to perform the noon-prayer. After prayer he sat in the mosque-patio. They
proclaimed a desire to show boasting and self-pride. For this purpose they introduced
their orator ‘Utarid bin Hajib who delivered his speech. The Messenger of Allâh
[pbuh] asked Thabit bin Qais bin Shammas — the Muslim orator — to respond. He
did that. In return, they brought forth their poet Az-Zabraqan bin Badr who recited some
boastful poetry. Hassan bin Thabit, the poet of Islam, promptly replied back. When talks
and poetry came to an end, Al-Aqra‘ bin Habis said: "Their orator is more
eloquent than ours, and their poet is more poetically learned than ours. Their voices and
sayings excel ours, as well." Eventually they announced their embracing Islam.
Consequently, the Messenger of Allâh [pbuh] acknowledged their Islamization, awarded them
well, and rendered them back their women and children.
- A platoon headed by Qutbah bin ‘Amir to a spot called
Khath‘am in Tabalah, a plot of land not far from Turbah. That was in
Safar, 9 A.H.
Accompanied by twenty men and only ten camels to mount alternatively on, Qutbah raided
them and fought so fiercely that a great number of both parties were wounded and some
others were killed. The Muslims drove back with them camels, women and sheep to
Madinah.
- The mission of Dahhak bin Sufyan Al-Kilabi to Bani Kilab in
Rabi‘ Al-Awwal in the year 9 A.H. This mission was sent to Bani Kilab to call them to
embrace Islam. Refusing to embrace Islam, they started to fight against the Muslims, but
were defeated and sustained one man killed.
- The three hundred men expedition of ‘Alqamah bin Mujazziz
Al-Mudlaji to Jeddah shores in Rabi‘ Al-Akhir. This expedition was dispatched to
fight against some men from (Al-Habasha) Abyssinia (Ethiopia), who gathered together near
the shores of Jeddah and exercised acts of piracy against the Makkans. Therefore he
crossed the sea till he got to an island. But as soon as the pirates had learned of
Muslims’ arrival, they fled. [Fath Al-Bari 8/59]
The task of the platoon of ‘Ali bin Abi Talib was to demolish
Al-Qullus, which was an idol that belonged to Tai’ tribe. That was in Rabi‘
Al-Awwal in the year 9 A.H. ‘Ali was dispatched by the Messenger of Allâh
[pbuh]
with one hundred fifty men. A hundred of them were on camels. The other fifty were on
horseback. He held a black flag and a white banner. At dawn they raided Mahallat
Hatim, demolished the idol and filled
their hands with spoils, camels and sheep booties, whereas ‘Adi fled to Ash-Sham. The
sister of ‘Adi bin Hatim was one of the captives. Inside Al-Qullus safe, Muslims
found three swords and three armours. On the way they distributed the spoils and put aside
the best things to the Messenger of Allâh [pbuh]. They did not share the
Hatims.
Upon arrival in Madinah, the sister of ‘Adi bin
Hatim begged the Messenger of Allâh [pbuh] to have mercy on her and said: "O
Messenger of Allâh, my brother is absent and father is dead, and I am too old to render
any service. Be beneficent to me so that Allâh may be bountiful to you." He said:
"Who is your brother?" She said: "It is ‘Adi bin Hatim." "Is
he not the one who fled from Allâh and his Messenger?" Said the Prophet
[pbuh] then
went away from her. Next day she reiterated the same thing as the day before and received
the same answer. A day later she uttered similar words, this time he made benefaction to
her. The man who was beside the Prophet, and whom she thought to be ‘Ali, said to
her: "Ask for an animal from him to ride on." And she was granted her request.
She returned to Ash-Sham where she met her brother
and said to him: "The Messenger of Allâh [pbuh] has done me such noble deed that
your father would never have done it. Therefore, willy-nilly, frightened or secure, you
should go and see him." Unsecure neither protected by some one, not even recommended
by a letter as a means of protection, ‘Adi came and met the Prophet. The Messenger of
Allâh [pbuh] took him home with him. As soon as he sat before him, the Messenger of
Allâh [pbuh] thanked Allâh and praised him, then said: "What makes you flee? Do you
flee lest you should say there is no god but Allâh? Do you know any other god but
Allâh?" "No" he said, then talked for a while. The Messenger of Allâh
went on saying: "Certainly you flee so that you may not hear the statement saying
‘Allâh is the Greatest.’ Do you know anyone who is greater than
Allâh?"
"No" he said. "The Jews are those whose portion is wrath, and the
Christians are those who have gone astray," the Prophet retorted. "I am a Muslim
and I believe in one God (Allâh)." ‘Adi finally proclaimed with a joyous face.
The Prophet ordered him a residence with one of the Helpers. From that time he started
calling at the Prophet [pbuh] in the mornings and in the evenings. [Za'd Al-Ma'ad 2/205]
On the authority of Ibn Ishaq, when the
Prophet [pbuh] made him sit down in front of him in his house, the Prophet said, "O
‘Adi, were you not cast in disbelief?" "Yes". ‘Adi said.
"Did you not share one quarter of your people’s gains?" "Yes".
Said ‘Adi. The Messenger of Allâh [pbuh] said: "It is sinful in your religion
to do such a thing, and you should not allow yourself to do it." "Yes, by
Allâh, that is true", said ‘Adi. "Thus I worked out that he was a Prophet
inspired by Allâh, and sent to people. He knows what is unknown." [Ibn Hisham 2/581]
In another version, the Prophet [pbuh] said:
"‘Adi, embrace Islam and you shall be secure." "But I am a man of
religion." Said ‘Adi. "I know your religion better than you." Said the
Prophet. "Do you know my religion better than me?" ‘Adi asked. The Prophet
replied, "Yes". He said: "Are you not cast in disbelief because you
appropriate to yourself the fourth of your people’s gains?" "Yes".
Said ‘Adi. "It is unlawful in your religion to do such a thing." The
Prophet said, and ‘‘Adi added: "He did not need to say it again for I
immediately acquiesced it." [Musnad Imam Ahmad]
Al-Bukhari narrates that ‘Adi said:
While we were with the Prophet [pbuh], a man came in and complained to him about poverty.
Then another man came in and complained about highway robbery. The Messenger of Allâh
[pbuh] then said: "O ‘Adi, have you ever been to Al-Hirah? If you were doomed to
live long life, you would be able to see a riding camel woman travel from Hirah till it
circumambulates Al-Ka‘bah fearing none but Allâh; and if you were to live long
enough you would open the treasures of Kisra. And if you were to live long you would be
able to see man offering a handful of gold or silver to others but none accepts to take
it." At the end of this Hadith ‘Adi later on says: "I have seen a
riding camel woman travel from Al-Hirah till it circumambulates the Ka‘bah fearing
none but Allâh, I have also been one of those who opened the treasures of Kisra bin
Hurmuz. If you were to live long life you would witness what the Prophet, Abul
Qasim, [pbuh] had already said about ‘offering a handful of …’ i.e. the
Prophet’s prophecies did really come true." [Sahih Al-Bukhari; Mishkat Al-Masabih 2/524]
|
| |
|
