| Introduction |
| Chapter One. The Legacy of Greece, Alexandria, and the
Orient
| I. The Near Eastern Scene in the Seventh Century |
| II. The Translations of Philosophical Texts |
| III. Neo-Platonic Elements: The Apocryphal Theologia Aristotelis
and the Liber de Causis |
| IV. Persian and Indian Influences |
|
| Chapter Two. Early Political and Religious Tensions
| I. The Religio-Political Factions |
| II. The Rise of Islamic Scholasticism (Kalam) |
|
| Chapter Three. Beginnings of Systematic Philosophical
Writing in the Ninth Century
| I. The First Creative Philosophical Writer in Islam: Al-Kindi
|
| II. The Rise of Naturalism and the Challenge to Islamic Dogma: Ibn Al-Rawandi
and Al-Razi |
|
| Chapter Four. The Further development of Islamic
Neo-Platonism
| I. Al-Farabi
|
| II. Ibn Sina |
|
|
Chapter Five. Neo-Pythagoreanism and the Popluarization
of the Philosophical Sciences
| I. Philosophy, the handmaiden of Politics
II. The Mathematico-Philosophical Presuppositions of the Brethren
|
| III. The Cosmology and Metaphysics of the Brethren
|
| IV. The Psychology and the Epistemology of the Brethren
|
| V. Conclusion |
|
| Chapter Six. The Diffusion of the Philosophical culture in
the Tenth Century
| I. Abu Hayyan Al-Tauhidi
|
| II. Miskawayh
|
| III. Yahia b. ‘Adi |
|
|
Chapter Seven. The Interaction of Philosophy and Dogma
|
| Chapter eight. The Rise and Development of Islamic
Mysticism (Sufism)
| I. Ascetic Origins
|
| II. Pantheistic Tendencies: Al-Bastami (or Al-Bistami), Al-Hallaj, and
others |
| III. Synthesis and Systematization – Al-Ghazali and Ibn ‘Arabi |
|
|
Chapter Nine. The Arab-Spanish Interlude and the Revival of
Perpateticism
| I. Beginnings of Philosophical Speculation in Muslim Spain: Ibn Masarrah,
Al-Majriti, and Ibn Bajjah
|
| II. Ibn Tufayl and the Natural Progression of the Mind Toward Truth
|
| III. Ibn Rushd and the Defense of Aristotelianism |
|
| Chapter Ten. Post-Avicennian Developments:
Illumination and the Reaction against Peripateticism
| I. Al-Suhrawardi
|
| II. The Subsequent Development of Illumination: Sadr Al-Din Al-Shirazi (Mulla
Sadra) and his successors |
|
| Chapter Eleven. Theological Reaction and Reconstruction
| I. Literalism and Neo-Hanbalism: Ibn Hazm, Ibn Taymiyah, and Muhammad B.
‘Abdul-Wahhab |
| II. Moderation and Decline: F. D. Al-Razi, N. D. Al-Nasafi, Al-Iji, Al-Jurjani
and Al-Bajuri |
| III. Reaction and Reconstruction: Ibn Khaldun |
|
| Chapter Twelve. Modern Contemporary Trends
| I. The Emergence of the Modernist Spirit: J. D. Al-Afghani, Muhammad
‘Abdu |
| II. Modernism in India: Sayyid Ahmad Khan, Ameer Ali, and Muhammad Iqbal
|
| III. Contemporary Philosophical Scene: Fundamentalism, Modernism, and
Existentialism |
| IV. Other Recent Developments: Positivism and Socialism |
|
| Bibliography |