Preface by the Author
As a person who is "knowledgeable about religion" and whose field of study is
"the history of religions", I reached the following conclusions as a result of
my study and research of the historical evolution of each faith whereby I compared what
the faiths were in the past and what they are now as well as a comparison in the
differences between the "truth" and the "reality" of the faiths. My
conclusion is not based on personal religious feelings nor prejudices:
If we study and evaluate the effectiveness of each religion in terms of the happiness
and evolution of mankind, we will discover that there is no prophecy which is as advanced,
powerful, and conscious as the prophecy of Mohammad (PBUH) (i.e. Islam and it's role in
man's social progress, self-consciousness, movement, responsibility, human ambition and
struggle for justice; Islam's realism and naturalness, creativity, adaptability with
scientific and financial progress and orientation toward civilization and the community).
Contemporaneously, we will discover that there is no prophecy which has deteriorated
and been transformed into a completely different representation as much as the prophecy of
Mohammad (PBUH)!
It seems that some power composed of all physical facilities as well as knowledgeable
advisors, openly or secretly has hired a group of the most educated and intelligent
philosophers of history, social scientists, sociologists, social psychologists,
politicians, human scientists, theologists. orientalists, experts in Islamic studies,
Quranic interpreters and people who are familiar with Islamic literature, the social
relations of Muslims, the traditions of Muslims, the personalities of Muslims, the
weaknesses and strengths of Muslims, the interests of Muslims, the socio economic behavior
of Muslims, the roles of special people ... to completely change the Islamic doctrine
through the pursuit of cautious and scientific research of Islam and Muslims!
As far as I know, from the practical and conceptual point of view, the most important
pillars of the Islamic doctrine which motivate the Muslim nation and makes it's citizens
conscious, free, honorable and socially responsible are: TAWHEED, JIHAD, and HAJJ
Unfortunately, the teaching of the concept of TAWHEED is limited only to elementary
schools. Beyond that, it may be spoken of at the philosophical and theological discussions
held by religious leaders; but such discussions are totally foreign and inapplicable to
the lives of the people. In other words, only the existence and oneness of God are
considered - not TAWHEED in it's real sense! As for the concept of JIHAD, it is absolutely
forbidden and buried in the graveyard of history. The fundamental principle of JIHAD,
"encouraging people to do good deeds and to avoid wrong deeds" is only applied
when blaming the friends instead of when correcting the wrongdoers. And lastly, HAJJ is
viewed as the ugliest and most illogical action that Muslims perform yearly.
The enemies of Islam were successful in bringing about changes by implementing a unique
policy. The "prayer book" was brought from the grave yard into the city while
the Holy Quran was taken away from the citizens in the city and given to those at the
graveyard who read for the souls of the dead. A similar approach was used in the
theological schools (madresah). The Holy Quran was seized from the hands of students who
studied Islam and put away on the shelf; it was replaced by the book of principles and
philosophical discussions. So, it is obvious what the enemies can do to us when the Quran
is absent from the lives of Muslims and not included in the curriculum of Muslim
students!
Does the intellectual individual who feels a responsibility towards his people and a
Muslim whose faith endows him with a responsibility or an intellectual Muslim who has this
dual responsibility feel at ease by sitting passively? Does he think resorting to a
western ideology will save his people and solve their problems?!? NO!! ! Oh my
intellectual friend and my Muslim brother - either you feel a responsibility toward the
people or toward Allah. It does not matter; we are in the same boat and are endowed with
the same responsibility. In order to liberate ourselves and regain our honor, it is best
to employ the same tactics that our enemy used. We must return to the path from which we
were abducted! Therefore, we have to bring the Holy Quran from the graveyard back to the
city and read it to those who are alive (not deceased)! We have to remove the Quran from
the shelf, open it before the eyes of the students and let them study it. Since our
enemies could not destroy the Quran, they closed it and left it in a corner to be
respected as the HOLY BOOK! It is our duty to re-use it as a "book" - a
"book to study" - as is designated by the name QURAN!
May we hope that one day the Quran will be accepted as the classic book of our Islamic
school and used for our Islamic teachings! May we hope to see the day when Quranic study
will be required in order to qualify for a degree in Ijtihad. [Exegesis of divine law on
theological and legal matters]. If we return to the Quran and make it part of our lives,
we will realize the essence of Tawheed. If we consider the Quran as the structure of our
system, we will realize the creativity and efficacy of such duties as: Hajj, Jihad [holy
war], Imamat [Leadership of the Islamic Community], Shahadat [Martrydom] ... and the
meaning of our lives!!!!
Now let us look at one of these duties - Hajj - and search for its significance from a
monotheistic point of view. This book is a summary of my personal experience and
understanding after performing the Hajj three times and touring Mecca once. It is only the
comments and interpretations of the rites by a humble servant of God. No Muslim has the
right to view the rites on the basis of this writing since it is not a book on
"religious jurisprudence" but rather a paper to make you think! I have attempted
to interpret the ceremonies as a Muslim Hajj who is entitled to talk about the Hajj when
he returns home. I can discuss my views with others; this has been a "tradition"
too. Every year the minority who were able to participate in the Hajj will share their
views with the majority who did not have this opportunity. If there was a responsible
leadership who demonstrated as much interest in teaching more than a million Muslims from
various parts of the world (ie. from the least developed villages and least trained
natives) as they do in their meals, health, souvenirs and luxurious but ugly shows of
aristocracy (which contradicts Hajj) and if they were only a bit concerned about realizing
the meaning of the rites rather than being meticulously obsessed and prejudiced about
performing the rites themselves then the Hajj could have been a yearly course of practical
and theoretical teachings of the Islamic doctrine given to more than a million Muslim
representatives from all over the world! They could learn the purpose of the Hajj, the
meaning of the prophecy, the importance of unity and the fate of the Muslim nation. With a
reserve of knowledge and information they could return to their countries and their
individual lives to teach their community. As a result, all his life a Hajj could remain a
guide in the darkness of his society - like a glittering beam m the darkness!
Dr. Ali Shariati
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