Khalifa Uthman bin Ghani

Table of Content:

Early Life

Date of birth of Uthman

The family of Uthman

Early life of Uthman
Physical appearance of Uthman
Personal character of Uthman

Conversion to Islam and After

Travels abroad

Conversion to Islam
Reaction to the conversion of Uthman
Triumph of Uthman
Marriage with Ruqayya
Migration to Abyssinia
Return to Makkah
Dhun-Nurain
Ruqayya
Hafsa
Umm Kulthum
Other marriages of Uthman

Life in Madina

Migration to Madina

The world of Madina
Generosity of Uthman
Death of Ruqayya
The battle of Uhud
Post-Uhud period

Treaty of Hudaibiyah

Performance of the pilgrimage

Urwah b Masud
Khirash b Umayyah
Uthman b Affan
Baiy'at-ur-Ridwanl
The treaty of Hudaibiyah
Reaction to the Hudaibiyah pact

Conquest of Makkah

Extension of the Prophet's mosque

Battle of Khyber
Makkah revisited
End of the Hudaibiyah pact
Conquest of Makkah
Battle of Autas
Siege of Taif

Passing away of the Holy Prophet (pbuh)

Back to Madina

Expedition to Tabuk
Proclamation about the banning of polytheism
The Farewell pilgrimage
Passing away of the Holy Prophet'

The Caliphate of Abu Bakr and Umar

Abu Bakr

Umar

The Caliphate of Uthman

The dilemma of Umar

Nomination of his son Abdullah
Umar's dream
The Committee in session
Testament for his successor
Death of Umar and after
Dream of Abdul Rahman b Auf
Choice of Abdul Rahman b Auf
Election of Uthman
Inaugural address of Uthman
Reaction to the election of Uthman

The Trial of Ubaidullah bin Umar

Assassination of Umar, a conspiracy?

Ubaidullah's orgy of murder
The trial of Ubaidullah
The verdict of Uthman
Reaction to the verdict of Uthman
Tabari's version
Directives of Uthman
Directive to the administrators
Directive to the defense forces
Directive to the tax collectors
Directive for the general publics

Sermons of Uthman

Sermons of Uthman

The World is a tarrying place
Unity
The people of Madina
The last sermon

Religious Measures of Uthman

Promotion of the purposes of Islam

Recension of the Holy Quran
Zakat on horses and slaves
Prayers on the occasion of the Hajj
Other measures of Uthman

Economic Policies of Uthman

Economic resources of the State

Stipends of the people
Land administration
Economic restraints

Public Works

Public works under Umar

Public works under Uthman

Public Treasury

Public treasury in the tune of the Holy Prophet

Public treasury in the time of Abu Bakr
Public treasury during the caliphate of Umar
Public treasury under Uthman

Military Administration

Military administration in the early days of Islam

Organization at the battlefield
Other Components
War weapons
Reporting and espionage
General review of military operations

Political Administration

Pattern of political administration

Administrative organization
Governors of Uthman
Allegation of nepotism how far justified?
Autonomy for the Governors

Social Organization under Uthman

Social revolution of Islam

Muslim society under Uthman
Social discipline and social solidarity
Disintegration of the social values of Islam

Uthman's Concept of the Caliphate

Concept of the caliphate

The Traditions
Uthman's concept of the caliphate

Governors of Uthman

Amr Al 'Aas

Abdullah bin Sa'ad
Muhammad bin Abu Hudhaifa
Amir Muwiyah
Mugheera bin Shu'ba
Sa'ad bin Abi Waqas
Walid bin Uqba
Saeed bin Al'Aas'
Abu Musa Ash'ari
Abdullah bin 'Aamir
Marwan bin Hakam

The Byzantine Invasion of Europe

Byzantine occupation of Alexandria.

Recall of 'Amr b Al 'Aas
Battle of Naqyus
Siege of Alexandria
Deposition of 'Amr b Al 'Aas

Muslim Conquest of North Africa

Campaign against North Africa

Jihad against North Africa
March to Tripoli
The battle of Subetula
Sequel to the battle of Subetula

Campaigns Against Nubia

The first invasion of Nubia

Second invasion of Nubia

Naval Battles

Umar and naval warfare

Naval activities under Uthman
The battle of the Masts

Conquest of Spain

Conquest of Spain

Tabari's account
Campaigns in Spain
Interesting revelation

Conquest of Island of Cyprus

Muawiyah's proposal

Umar's decision
Conquest of Cypress
Umm Harsam
Abu Darda
Abdullah b Qais

Campaigns in Syria, Armenia and Asia Minor

The Byzantine attack on Syria

Campaigns in Armenia
Campaigns in Asia Minor

Re-Conquest of Fars

Conquest of Fars under Umar

Reconquest of Fars under Uthman

Campaigns in Seestan

Conquest of Seestan

Reconquest of Seestan
Abdur Rahman b Sumra

Re-Conquest of Tabaristan

Conquest of Tabaristan under Umar

Reconquest of Tabaristan under Uthman

Re-Conquest of Azarbaijan

First conquest of Azarbaijan

Azarbaijan during the caliphate of Uthman

Reconquest of Khurasan

Conquest of Khurasan during the caliphate of Umar

Revolt in Khurasan
Reconquest of Khurasan

Transoxiana

Campaigns in Transoxiana

Yazdjurd

Yazdjurd in history

Chosroes Parwez
Prediction of the astrologers
Restoration and exile of Yazdjurd
Enthronement of Yazdjurd
Misfortunes of Yazdjurd
The Battle of Merv
Conspiracy against Yazdjurd
Death of Yazdjurd

Agitation Against Uthman

The Holy Prophet and the Jews

Betrayal of the Jews
Banu Qainuqa
Banu Nadeer
Banu Quraiza
The Khyber
The apostasy campaigns
Abdullah b Saba
Subversive activities of Abdullah b Saba
Abdullah b Saba in Kufa
Abdullah b Saba in Syria
Abdullah b Saba in Egypt
Abu Dhar Ghifari
Abu Dhar and Amir Muawiyah
Abu Dhar Ghifari in Madinah
Exile of Abu Dhar Ghifari
Abdullah b Masud - Early Life
After the death of the Holy Prophet
Abdullah b Masud and Uthman:
Abdullah b Masud in Madinah
Analysis of the accounts

Abdur Rahman bin Auf

Early life

Abdur Rahman and Uthman
Assessment

Talha bin Ubaidullah

Early life

Uthman and Talha
Siege of Uthman and Talha
Battle of the Camel
Taha Hussain's view

Ummair and Kammil

Dhabi b Harith

Conspiracy to murder Uthman
Siege of the house of Uthman

'Ammar b Yasir

'Ammar b Yasir and Uthman

After the Holy Prophet
'Ammar b Yasir during the caliphate of Uthman

Campaign of Vilification Against Uthman

International situation

Ibn Saba's subversive movement
Allies for the Ibn Saba's movement

'Aamir bin Abdullah Tamimi

'Aamir b Abdullah in Basra'

'Aamir b Abdullah in Syria
'Aamir in Kufa
'Aamir in Madina

Facing the Challenge of the Seditionists

The political atmosphere in Madina

Council of Governors
Investigation into the state of affairs in the provinces
Investigation into rumors
Uthman's open letter to his people
Uthman's address on the occasion of the Hajj
Muawiyah's advice

Situation in Madina

The situation in Madina

Ali's dialogue with Uthman
Uthman's reaction to the address of Ali
Uthman's address at the Prophet's mosque

Armed Revolt Against Hadrath Uthman

Disorder in Egypt

Revolt against Uthman
The campaign against Uthman
Analysis of the accounts embodied in histories

Siege of the Uthman

Wary stages of the siege

Uthman's address in the Prophet's mosque
Rowdyism in the mosque
Intensification of the siege

Uthman's Letter to the Pilgrims

Uthman and the Hajj

Uthman's letter to the pilgrims
Analysis of the letter
Help from the Provinces
Uthman's appeal for help
Analytic study of the letter

Martyrdom of Hadrath Uthman

Deepening of the crisis

Mugheera b Shu'ba
Ten distinctions
Abdullah b Salam
Nayyar b Ayyad
Assassination of Uthman

The Funeral of Hadrath Uthman

The vengeance of the rioters

The funeral
The burial
Assessment of the accounts about the burial of Uthman

Funeral Oration

Funeral oration of Ayesha b Uthman

Funeral oration of Naila the widow of Uthman

Eulogies on the Death of Hadrath Uthman

Hassan b Thabit

Ka'ab b Malik Ansari
Hatab b Yazid Mujashe
Qasim b Umayya b Abi Al Salat
Zainab bint Al Awaam
Laila Akhaylya
Ibn Khazima
Walid b Uqba
Aiman b Hazim b Fatik Asadi

Naila's Letter to Amir Muawiyah

Naila

Naila's letter

Consequences of the Martyrdom of Uthman

Ifs and buts of history

Chain reaction of the assassination of Uthman
Object of the revolt against Uthman
The tragedy of Karbala
The tragedy of Uthman and Karbala
Consequences of the tragedies

What the Companions said about Uthman's Assassination

Ali

Ibn Abbas
Ayesha
Abdullah b Hakim
Hudhaifa
Samama b Adi
Abu Hamid Al Saadi Ansari
Abu Huraria
Abdullah b Salam
Abi Qalaba
Hudhaifa b Alyaman
Samurah
Muhammad b Sirin

Ali bin Talib

Early life

Ali and the caliphate issue
Ali and Uthman

Assessment

Distinctions of Uthman

Unique distinction
The first Umayyads
Tidings of paradise
Resemblance to Abraham and the Holy Prophet
Embellishment of mosques and the Holy Ka'aba
Khyber campaign
Baiyat-ur-Ridwan
Uniform text of the Holy Quran
The first to learn the Holy Quran by heart
The first to divorce non-Muslim wives
The first to migrate
The first to command the first call to prayer
Pronouncement of the Takbir
Eid prayer
Lifetime of his mother
Meals during the Ramadan
Stipends for the Muadhdhins
Ban on the flying of pigeons
Naval action
Occupation of Persia
Longest rule
The richest Caliph
Purchase of land in conquered territories
Enclosing of pastures
Liberation of slaves
The first Caliph to be assassinated
Immunity from judgment

Uthman's Traditions

Traditions reported by Uthman

Entry to paradise
Grave as the first stage of the next world
Performance of the ablutions
Details about the ablutions
Performance of the prayers in company
Building a mosque
Who is a hypocrite
The best among the Muslims
Recitation of the Surah Aal Imran
Marriage on the occasion of the pilgrimage
Purchase of neighbor's property
A day on the frontier
Rights of men
Inner nature
Groups authorized to make intercession
Treachery to the Arabs

What the Holy Prophet (pbuh) said about Uthman

Traditions about Uthman

Modesty of Uthman
Resemblance of Uthman with the Holy Prophet and Abraham
Uthman as the Holy Prophet's son-in-law
Baiyat ur Ridwan
Troubles ahead for Uthman

Uthman Desertations

Speeches of Uthman

Useless things
The things he loved
Fear God
Quarrels and disputes
Spiritual and terrestrial worlds
Patience
Habits to be acquired
Uthman's concept of history
Pride
Essential things
His surprise at the conduct of persons
Unity and faith
Fears for a man of piety
Happiness and grief
Delicious food
Justice
Backbiting
Heedlessness
Drinking
Good deeds and death
Guidance from the Holy Quran
Cause of contempt
Rights of the people
Tyranny
Distress
Testing people
Anger
Extravagance
Knowledge
The Lord
Distress or difficulty
Obedience

Uthman and Sufism

Uthman as a Sufi

Uthman's modesty
Uthman's piety
Uthman's humility
Uthman's charity
Resignation of Uthman

Politics in the time of Uthman

The Holy Prophet

Abu Bakr
Umar
Political policies of Uthman

Uthman in History

Uthman and History

Ameer Ali
Philip K. Hitti
Prof. K. Ali
S. A. Salik
Jalauddin Suynti
Mazhamddin Siddiqi
Professor Muhammad Khizri Bekl
Raza Misri
Sir William Muir
Assessment

Hadrath Uthman the Man

Paragon of virtues

His modesty
His humility
His generosity
His wisdom and foresight
Fear of God
His munificence
His beneficent activities
His steadfastness
His principles

Reflections on His Caliphate

Historiographic thought

Responsibility of Uthman
Allegations against Uthman
Demands of the agitators
Disorder in Kufa
Contempt of authority
Conspiracy against Islam
Why failure?
Dilemma of democracy

Source: Alim